Transformations  in
Business & Economics

INNOVATION OF POLISH ENTERPRISES IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARENA
Joanna Duda, Aleksandra Gasior

ABSTRACT.The article is aimed at assessing the innovation level of Polish economy and Polish enterprises in the international context. The authors will conduct the study of the literature on the innovation of economies and enterprises. They will refer to a number of indicators and rankings to assess the innovation level of Polish economy and compare it with other EU Member States. Furthermore, the innovation level of Polish enterprises will also be subject to discussion and analysis. Having in mind globalization processes and consolidation of European market, special emphasis will be placed on actions taken by entrepreneurs to establish cooperation with other entities. The authors will also discuss a correlation between economy innovation and the innovation of enterprises operating in this economy. Theoretical discussion presented in the article allows to conclude that despite a substantial increase in the majority of indicators under analysis, Poland still belongs to the group of countries referred to as modest innovators. The main reason behind such a state of affairs is that innovation output indicators for Poland are below the EU average. Furthermore, it will be proven that the low innovation level of Polish economy translates directly into the low innovation level of Polish enterprises

KEYWORDS: economy innovation, enterprise innovation, internationalization, the European Union, Poland.

JEL classification: F6, M2, M21.