Transformations  in
Business & Economics

PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS OF POLAND AND SLOVAKIA BASED ON THE LEVEL OF FULFILLMENT OF AGENDA 2030 GOALS⁹
Andrzej Pacana, Karolina Czerwinska, Beata Gavurova

ABSTRACT: The purpose was to develop a model that allows the realising of an effective comparative analysis of a certain characteristic - productivity, of neighbouring countries - Poland and Slovakia, by identifying the level of fulfilment of selected goals and objectives established in Agenda 2030. It was assumed that the level of sub-productivity of countries is indicated by resource productivity, efficiency and closed-loop. As a result of the realised comparative analysis of Poland and Slovakia, it was found that during the analysed period, there was a general trend of productivity growth in both countries. These countries are successively implementing the activities associated with the transformation of a closed-loop economy and the provisions of the SDGs. The analysed countries in part of the examined tasks related to the provisions of Agenda 2030 achieve a result higher than the EU average, but they have not reached the goal that is most related to the subject of the undertaken analysis (doubling the level of consumption of closed-loop materials by 2030 concerning 2020). The productivity level of the two countries and the rate of their growth in relation to the EU were considered moderately satisfactory. Recommendations arising from the benchmarking exercise mainly relate to further implementation of the rationale of a closed-loop economy and improvement of the legal and institutional environment stimulating activities associated with optimising the use of resources through sensible design and keeping materials in circulation, decoupling economic development from the consumption of scarce resources, developing innovation and stimulating the development of new technologies

KEYWORDS:  quality management, circular economy, sustainability, closed-loop efficiency.

JEL classification:  O10, O30, O33, E20.

⁹Acknowledgments:  This research was financially supported by Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Faculty of Management and Economics, under grant number RO/2023/03. Disclosure statement. Authors declare that they do not have any competing financial, professional, or personal interests from other parties.